Hartshorn elaborates on this theory in his article, “Metropolitan Dominance and Movement” by using quantitative methods such as The Principal of Least Effort and the gravity model to show economic and social control zones of various cities. To correct this, Carter states that a city’s spatial interaction, measured by economic dominance, would better serve as an indication of a city’s sphere of influence, and therefore, urban character ( Carter, Harold 1995). In the article “The Process of Urbanization”, Carter recognizes that most definitions of urbanity are inadequate, as they include limited characteristics which are not constant among all cities, such as high populations, diverse and rich economies, high density, and mixed use development.
Truman hartsorn urban realms model series#
Through the process of documenting a city’s interaction, or a series of exchanges (Hartshorn, Truman 1996), these authors expand the definition of urbanization and ultimately bring planning into a more technical field. While the definition of “urban” at its best varies and at its worst is completely arbitrary, both authors wished to illuminate ways to quantify a city’s “sphere of influence” regionally in order to explain the distinction of cities compared to rural areas ( Carter, Harold 1995 Hartshorn, Truman 1996).
The phenomenon of urbanization, while not easily understood, can be better clarified by utilizing the theories of spatial interaction, such as those given by Harold Carter and Truman Hartshorn.
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